1. Write Clean Code

• Clean code can be summarized as a code that any developer can read and change easily.
• Clean coding principles help us achieve a lot of desirable goals related to the software we intend to produce.
• As part of clean code, we have to focus on the below points:

• Maintainable codebase
• Easier troubleshooting
• Faster onboarding
• Easier for enhancing

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2. Use Proper Naming Convention

• Before starting to write the code, set a proper naming convention for your Java project.
• Pre-decide names for every class, interfaces, methods and variables etc.
• If other developers are also working with you on the same project, they should also follow it to maintain uniformity.
• A meaningful naming convention is extremely important as everything, from classes to interfaces are identified from their names in the code.

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3. Avoiding Memory Leaks

• Always releasing database connections after your querying is done.
• Use of ‘Finally block’ as often as possible and ‘Releasing instances’ stored in static tables are some java coding best practices you must adapt to prevent memory leaks.

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4. Avoid Redundant Initialisation

• It is not encouraged to initialize member variables with the values: like 0, false and null.
• These values are already the default initialization values of member variables in Java.
• Therefore, a Java best practice is to be aware of the default initialization values of member variables and avoid initializing the variables explicitly.

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5. Proper Commenting

• As your code will be read by various people with varying knowledge of Java, proper comments should be used to give an overview of your code and provide additional information.
• Comments are supposed to describe the working of your code to be read by any team members, managers who might not have enough knowledge about Java.

By Shiva
Java Expert